NAT and PAT power almost every home and enterprise network. In this video I show you, step by step, how private RFC1918 addresses are translated to public addresses, why IPv4 exhaustion forced us to use NAT, how Cisco’s inside-local and inside-global terms actually map to packets, and I prove it all live with Wireshark and tshark. You’ll learn: • NAT vs PAT in plain English • The three RFC1918 ranges: , , • Why IPv4 ran out and how NAT delayed disaster • Why ISPs block private ranges on the internet • IPv6 usually doesn’t need NAT • Cisco’s inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global explained with a capture • Packet-by-packet proof using Wireshark and tshark Perfect for CCNA students, junior network engineers, and anyone who wants to finally understand what their router is doing. // Playlist to CCNA Course REFERENCE // // David's SOCIAL // Discord: X: Instagram: LinkedIn: Facebook: TikTok: @davidbombal YouTube: @davidbombal Spotify: SoundCloud: Apple Podcast: // MY STUFF // // SPONSORS // Interested in sponsoring my videos? Reach out to my team here: sponsors@ // MENU // 0:00 – Intro 0:40 - Looking at the IP Address 01:37 - Carrier-Grade Nat 02:50 - Private & Public Addresses 04:43 - Class A Addresses 05:15 - Running Out of Addresses 06:50 - What Stops Access to the Internet 07:50 - Terms you Should Know 09:30 - Terminology (Topology) 14:53 - Practical Demo Starts 16:25 - Capturing Traffic 18:49 - Conclusion Please note that links listed may be affiliate links and provide me with a small percentage/kickback should you use them to purchase any of the items listed or recommended. Thank you for supporting me and this channel! Disclaimer: This video is for educational purposes only. #ccna #networking #nat