Download Heroes of History for free here: and start building your civilization today! To join the Moon Landing Event, make sure you unlock Village Technology at the start of the Bronze Age. A big thanks to Heroes of History for sponsoring this video! In early March 1579, a Spanish army advanced on the Dutch city of Maastricht. This marked the beginning of a 111-day siege, characterized by bloody assaults, intense mine warfare, and massive construction efforts—including a 20-meter-high artillery platform. The defenders were so determined to hold the city that even after the enemy breached the walls, they fought on and built an entire secondary earthen rampart inside. Maastricht was one of the most important fortresses in the region due to its position on the border river Maas. It had long served as a Spanish stronghold after they gained control of the Netherlands in 1556, but in 1577 it fell to the Dutch, who used it in their uprising against the Spanish crown. King Philipp II was determined to reassert his authority—and reconquer Maastricht. To achieve this, he dispatched one of the most capable generals of the time—Alessandro Farnese, the future Duke of Parma. Maastricht now faced the most formidable opponent the Dutch revolt had ever encountered. Bibliography Arnade, Peter, Beggars, Iconoclasts, and Civic Patriots: The Political Culture of the Dutch Revolt, New York 2008. Brugmans, H., Geschiedenis van Amsterdam II, 80-jarige oorlog 1544-1621, Utrecht/Antwerp 1972. Duffy, C., The Fortress in the Early Modern World 1494-1660, London 1979. Geyl, P., The Revolt of the Netherlands (1555-1609), New York 1958. Groen G. van Prinsterer et al (eds.), Archives ou correspondance inédite de la Maison d'Orange-Nassau, 26 vols., Leiden 1835-1915. Groen, P. (ed.), The Eighty Years War. From Revolt to Regular War 1568-1648, Leiden 2019. Groenveld, S., et. al, De Tachtigjarige Oorlog, opstand en consolidatie in de Nederlanden (ca. 1560-1650), Zutphen 2012. Israel, J., The Dutch Republic. It's Rise, Greatness and Fall, Oxford 1995. Nimwegen, O. van/Sicking, L., De Tachtigjarige Oorlog. Van opstand naar geregelde oorlog. 1568-1648, Amsterdam 2013. Parker, G., The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road, 1567-1659: The Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries' wars, Cambridge 2004. Thomassen, M. H. J. P., Krijgsbedrijven van Alexander Farnese in Limburg en aangrenzende gewesten, 1578-1579 (Vol. I.), Maastricht 1890.